1. NETWORK APPLICATION

Networking Software Applications and Tools
Network software applications using the Internet or other network infrastructure hardware to perform useful functions.

  • Macintosh Network
  • Windows Firewall Software
  • Network Operating System
  • Gaming Network
  • FTP Client and Server
  • Network Ping (6)
  • Microsoft Internet Explorer
  • Linux Networking (6)
  • Network Programming

Top Internet Connection Sharing Software
Combining the functions of a proxy server and firewall, software products provide a more secure Internet connection sharing on a LAN.

P2P File Sharing Software Programs
Free P2P clients allow easy swapping of music, videos and other files over the Internet.
Internet Remote Access Software
Remote access programs that support the software connects to the PC in the home network. Remote access software allows you to retrieve data when not at home or assist family members with network problems.
VNC – Virtual Network Computing
VNC (Virtual Network Computing) is a popular technology for remote desktop sharing. VNC allows viewing a desktop from one computer to be viewed and controlled remotely via a network connection.
Firmware – Router Firmware
In a home network router, firmware is embedded software that controls the logic device. Router firmware implements a portion of a wired or wireless networking protocols and security mechanisms.
How to MySpace Profile Trackers Work?
A MySpace profile tracker allows one to obtain statistical visits to their MySpace profiles include some information about the identity of visitors.
SSH
SSH remote login is an application that allows you to create command-line connection between two computers. SSH is available for Windows, Linux and other operating systems.

Network Applications
INTERNET CONNECTIVITY APPLICATIONS and
• Web-server applications (JAVA / PERL-CGI)
• Download file
• Automatic data distribution
• Monitoring and control
• Both real-time and store-and-forward data available architectures
• Connectivity: Wi-Fi 802.11a / b, 2-way pager / cell network, low-cost radio, dial-up service

2. OSI and TCP/IP

OSI and TCP/IP

OSI (Open Systems Interconnection)

OSI is a conceptual model consisting of seven layers, each layer has a different function. OSI was developed by the international agency that is ISO (International Organization for Standardization) in 1977.

The function of each layer of the OSI:

1. Physical Layer

Physical Layer is the layer of the simplest, relating to electrical (and optical) connections between devices. This layer Serves to define the network transmission media, signaling method, synchronization bits, network architecture (such as Ethernet or Token Ring), network topology and pengabelan. In addition, this level also defines how the Network Interface Card (NIC) can interact with the media cable or radio.

2. Data-link Layer

Data link layer is responsible at the end of the package binary data derived from a higher level into discrete packets before the physical layer. Will send frames (block of data) via a network. Protocol on the data-link layer is Ethernet (802.2 & 802.3), Tokenbus (802.4) and Tokenring (802.5).

3. Network Layer

Network layer provides routing functionality so that packets can be sent out from the local network segment to a destination that is on a network other.

Some network layer functions:

– Divide the binary data stream into discrete packets with a certain length

– Detect Error

– Fix error with resend the corrupted packet

– Controlling the flow

4. Transport Layer

Transport layer is the center of the fashion-OSI. Serves to break down data into packets of data and provide the serial number of the packages that can be rearranged on the side of the goal as it arrives.

5. Session Layer

This layer coordinates communication between the layer entities they represent. Serves to define how the connection can be established, maintained, or destroyed. In addition, at this level also performed name resolution. Some of the protocol at this layer: NETBIOS: a session interfaces and protocols, developed by IBM, which provides service to the presentation layer and application layer. NETBEUI, (NETBIOS Extended User Interface), a development of NETBIOS used in micro ** oft networking products, such as Windows NT and LAN Manager. ADSP (AppleTalk Data Stream Protocol). PAP (Printer Access Protocol), which is found on a Postscript printer to access the AppleTalk network.

6. Presentation Layer

Serves to translate the data to be transmitted by the application into a format that can be transmitted over the network. The protocols are in this level is redirektor software (redirector software), such as Workstation service (in Windows NT) and Network shell (a sort of virtual network computing (VNC) or Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP).

7. Application Layer

Application Layer is the primary interface between applications running on one computer and network resources that require access to it. Application layer is the layer where the user will operate it, protocols such as FTP, telnet, SMTP, HTTP, POP3 is the Application layer.

TCP / IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol)

TCP / IP is a data communications standard used by the Internet community in the process of exchanging data from one computer to another computer on the network the Internet. TCP / IP is an open networking standard that is independent of physical network transport mechanism used, so it can be used anywhere.

The function of each layer in the TCP / IP:

– Physical Layer

Bottom layer is a layer that defines the physical quantities such as the communication medium, voltage, current, etc.. TCP / IP is flexible so it can integrate the various networks with the physical medium is different.

– Network Access Layer

Has the distribution function set data frames on the physical media used reliably. This layer usually provide service for the detection and correction of errors of data transmitted. Some examples of protocols used at this layer is X.25 public networks, Ethernet for networking Etehernet, AX.25 for packet radio networks, etc..

– Internet Layer

Having such a function at the Network Layer of the OSI that defines how the relationship can occur between two parties who are on different networks. In this layer duty to ensure that a packet is sent to find the goal wherever located. Therefore, this layer has a particularly important role in realizing the vast territory covering internetworking (Internet worldwide).

Some of the important tasks at the Internet layer are:

  • Addressing
    which complement each datagram to the Internet address of the
    purposes. This protocol addresses the known IP Address.
  • Routing
    Determine to which datagram will be sent in order to achieve the desired goals. This function is the most important functions of the Internet Protocol (IP). Routers on the network TCP / IP is very crucial in the delivery of datagrams from the receiver to the destination.

– Transport Layer

Function in defining the ways to perform data transmission between end to end in a reliable host. This layer ensures that the data received with the data that is sent to the sender.

Some essential functions include:

  • Flow Control

Delivery of data that has been broken down into packets must be arranged in such a way so that the sender not to transmit data at speeds that exceed the ability of recipients to receive the data.

  • Error Detection

Sender and receiver also complement the data with some information that could be used to check the data transmitted is free from error. If found errors in the received data packet, the receiver will not receive the data. Sender will retransmit data packets that contain errors earlier.

– Application Layer

Serves to define applications that run on the network. Protocols at this layer example is SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) for sending e-mail and FTP (File Transfer Protocol) to transfer files.

The diference of OSI and TCP/IP

From the figure, can be seen a few differences with the OSI Layer TCP / IP Layer which I conclude to be 5 pieces of difference.

1. Layer OSI has 7 layers of fruit, and TCP / IP only has 4 Layer

2. 3 top layer of the OSI layers, namely application, presentation, and session layer Layer is represented into a TCP / IP, the application layer.

3. Layer of the OSI Network Layer Internet Layer is represented as the TCP / IP layer, but they still remain the same functionality.

4. Network Access Layer in TCP / IP combines the functions of DataLink Layer and Physical Layer of the OSI, in other words, the Network Access Layer is a representation of the two bottom layers of the OSI Layer, the DataLink and Physical.

5. TCP / IP layer is the “Specific Protocol”, while OSI Layer is the “Protocol Independent”